As the technological advances in radiological imaging have led to the introduction of new methods in many fields of radiology, this also applies to dentomaxillofacial radiology. However, these 2D, plain radiography methods have a limited capability in the evaluation of 3D relationships. Often these imaging methods fulfil the requirements for dental imaging. Intraoral and panoramic radiographs are the basic imaging techniques in dentomaxillofacial radiology, allowing two-dimensional (2D) imaging of oral hard tissues. The Sedentexct project has developed evidence- based guidelines on the use of CBCT in dentistry.The disadvantages of CBCT imaging are poor soft tissue contrast and artefacts.CBCT offers lower costs and a smaller size and radiation dose compared with MSCT.CBCT imaging allows accurate 3D imaging of hard tissues.Panoramic and intraoral radiographs are the basic imaging methods in dentomaxillofacial radiology.Also the basics as well as common errors and pitfalls of these techniques will be discussed.
In this review the anatomy with the panoramic view will be presented as well as the benefits of the CBCT technique in comparison to the panoramic technique with some examples. CBCT should be used in more demanding cases. Panoramic and intraoral radiographies are still the basic imaging methods in dentistry. Since the late 1990s cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) devices have been designed specifically for dentomaxillofacial imaging, allowing accurate 3D imaging of hard tissues with a lower radiation dose, lower cost and easier availability for dentists when compared with multislice CT. As in the other fields of imaging also dentomaxillofacial imaging has moved towards 3D imaging. However, these techniques give only a two-dimensional view of complicated three-dimensional (3D) structures. It can be supplemented with intraoral radiographs. During the exposure the x-ray source and detector rotate synchronously around the patient producing a curved surface tomography. Panoramic radiography produces a single image of the maxilla, mandible, teeth, temporomandibular joints and maxillary sinuses. Often they are the only imaging techniques required for delineation of dental anatomy or pathology. Panoramic and intraoral radiographs are the basic imaging modalities used in dentistry.
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